Single-step pyrolysis for producing magnetic activated carbon from tucumã (Astrocaryum aculeatum) seed and nickel(II) chloride and zinc(II) chloride. Application for removal of nicotinamide and propanolol

The present research describes the synthesis of new nanomagnetic chengde wanyang activated carbon factory activated carbon material with high magnetization, and high surface area prepared in a single pyrolysis step that is used for the carbonization, activation, and magnetization of the produced material. The pyrolysis step of tucumã seed was carried out in a conventional tubular oven at 600 °C under N₂-flow. It was prepared three magnetic carbons MT-1.5, MT-2.0, MT-2.5, that corresponds to the proportion of biomass: ZnCl₂ always 1:1 and varying the proportion of NiCl₂ of 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5, respectively. These magnetic nanocomposites were characterized by Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance, CHN/O elemental analysis, modified Boehm titration, N₂ adsorption-desorption isotherms; and pH_pzc. All the materials obtained presented Ni particles with an average crystallite size of less than 33 nm. The MT-2.0 was employed for the removal of nicotinamide and propranolol from aqueous solutions.wanyang carbon pellets Based on Liu isotherm, the Q_max was 199.3 and 335.4 mg g⁻¹ for nicotinamide and propranolol, respectively. MT-2.0 was used to treat simulated pharmaceutical industry effluents attaining removal of all organic compounds attaining up to 99.1 % of removal.